A patient, suspected of prostrate cancer infection, is normally examined by a doctor for his or her complete medical as well as family history.
The doctor also suggests the patient to undergo various different tests.
Those various tests also incorporate some form of imaging of the internal organs of the body, which is termed as endoscopy.
Doctors find it really very easy to spot the exact region of infection through imaging techniques.
Normally, it is diagnosed by performing the biopsy of the affected part of the body and that is the prostrate gland.
After that the PSA test is executed, which makes it clear that whether there is prostrate cancer or not.
If the result of the test is abnormal then the test is termed as positive, which is a clear indication of the presence of prostrate cancer.
The doctors perform the biopsy of the prostrate gland trans-rectally.
After the biopsy, the potentially affected regions are put under ultrasound imaging.
A surgical needle is used to make a cut in the gland and to remove a certain part of it.
The portions are cut from the apex, base and mid area of the gland; but it is not compulsory.
A doctor can make a cut wherever he think the source of cancer is.
In order to increase the efficiency of the result, the doctors take a large number of samples of different regions.
The larger a gland is the larger would be its number of samples.
The cut part of the gland is sent to a pathologist, who examines the part under a microscope to see if there is any sign of cancerous cells.
Once the presence of prostrate cancer is confirmed through aforementioned methods, again the pathologist examines each of the cut pieces on a Gleason scale.
The pathologists use this scale to determine the exact characteristics of the affected cells, which helps in assessing the overall aggressiveness of the cancer.
As the Gleason scale is a kind of scale, it denotes the aggressiveness or severity in a definite score.
This score is the factor that further decides the type and level of the treatment that is required for proper curing.
A moderate score suggests that the patient has not much risk from the cancer and that it can be definitely cured with proper treatments.
On the other hand, a high score suggest that the cancer has not only infected the lymph nodes but also has transformed into the metastasis (secondary growth).
Therefore, a high score is a clear cut indication of tremendous risk from the condition.
A proper and early stage diagnosis needs reporting of the earliest symptoms by the patients.
Some of the earliest symptoms may include:

• Cough
• Sore throat
• Abnormal bladder/bowel habits
• Wounds that are not healing
• Some kind of lump in different parts of the body, more specifically, in the breast
• Indigestion
• Difficulty in swallowing
• Abnormal bleeding or discharge